IC697MDL341
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摘要：电气自动化在电力系统中的应用是自动化的一种具体形式，它是指应用各种具有自动检测、决策和控制功能的装置，通过信号系统和数据传输系统对电力系统各元件、局部系统或全系统进行就地或远程的自动监控、调节和控制、保证电力系统安全经济运行和具有合格的电能质量。本文就电气自动化在电力系统中应用的几个方面进行具体介绍，以及对电力系统及其自动化进行研究探讨
关键词： 电气自动化电力系统变配电所配电网自动化应用
一．电气自动化在变配电所的应用
1.保护的功能类型
保护的类型包括：线路保护、出线保护、贯通线路保护、自闭线路保护、电容器保护、变压器保护等。另外，常用到的保护内容有：过电流保护、过电压保护、低频减载等。
2.通信功能
所有通信，包括与上级站的通信，实现通信、遥控、遥调、故障录波数据上报等。此外，通信功能还可以作为调度自动化系统的数据的转发节点，向调度主站转发就近或其他自动化装置的数据，从而实现上通下达的作用。
3.远动功能
变配电所实时监控，即远动功能，该功能包括遥测、遇信和遏调及故障报警、数据统计和计算、图形、生产报表、曲线等的描绘。
4.管理功能
变配电所运行管理功能，包括运行状态、信息、变量、事件的监视、记录、存档、打印等功能。保护管理功能，包括保护方式字和运行参数的读取、修改、存储、下载等。操作管理功能，包括操作闭锁、操作记录、操作管理等。设备管理功能，包括设备运行状态监视、统计及维修记录等。
二．配电网自动化在电力系统的运用
1.配电自动化实施目的
配电自动化实现的目标得来说可以归结为以下几点：1.提高电网供电的可靠性，切实地提高电能的质量，确实保护向用户提供不间断地电能；2.切实提高城乡电力网整体的供电能力；3.实现配电管理的自动化，为多项管理过程提供远程信息支持，改从而善服务； 4.减少运行维护费用和各种损耗费用，从而实现配电网的经济运行；6.提高劳动生产效率及服务质量，为电力市场改革打下良好的技术基础；5.提高劳动生产率和管理水平。
2.配电网自动化模式方案
（1）变电站主断路器与馈线断路器的配合方案
该方案由变电站出线保护开关和馈线开关相配合，并由两个电源形成供电。换一个角度也就是说优化配网结构，推行配电网的相互衔接。变电站出线保护开关具有多次重合的功能，重合命令功能由微机来控制，线路开关具有自动操作和遥控操作两种功能，通信开关具有自动操作和遥控操作功能，通信及远动装置，事故信息、监控系统由微机一次性完成。设备与线路故障由主站系统辨认，直到确认故障范围后重合命令才发出命令使故障段断开开关。
（2）自动重合器方案
该方案是将两电源相连接的环网分成数段，每段线路由相邻两侧的重合器进行保护。当发生故障时，由上一级重合器断开故障开关。当任何一段发生故障时，应使故障段两端重合器断开，对故障进行隔离处理，线路分支线故障由重合器与分断器动作次数相配合来切除。
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