IC697MDL653
：/，QQ：1982497648
摘 要：本文针对全控型电力电子开关、变换器电路、交流调速控制、通用变频器、单片机、集成电路及工业控制计算机的发展几方面论述了电气自动化在电力系统中的应用。
关键词自动化 变换器 交流 工业控制
电气自动化在我国早开设于50年代，名称为工业企业电气自动化。据教育部新公布的本科设置目录，它属于工科电气信息类。新名称为电气二程及其自动化或自动化。
随着电力电子技术、微电子技术沟迅猛发展，原有的电力传动（电子拖动）控制的概念已经不能充分概抓现代生产自动化系流中承担线任务的全部控制设备。它的研究对象已经发展为运动控制系统，下面仅对有关电气自动化技术的新发展作一些介绍。
1 全控型电力电子开关逐步取代半控型晶闸管
50年代末出现的晶闸管标志着运动控制的新纪元。它是代电子电力器件，在我国至今仍广泛用于直流和交流传动控制系统。由于目前所能生产的电流／电压定额和开关时间的不同，各种器件各有其应用范围。
GTR的二次击穿现象以及其安全工作区受各项参数影响而变化和热容量小、过流能力低等问题，使得人们把主要精力放在根据不同的特性设计出合适的保护电路和驱动电路上，这也使得电路比较复杂，难以掌握。
GTO是一种用门极可关断的高压器件，它的主要缺点是关断增益低，一般为4~5，这就需要一个十分庞大的关断驱动电路，且它的通态压降比普通晶闸管高，约为2V~4.5V，开通di/dt和关断dv/dt也是限制GTO推广运用的另一原因，前者约为500A/μs，后者约为500V/μs，这就需要一个庞大的吸收电路。
由于GTR、GTO等双极性全控性器件必须要有较大的控制电流，因而使门极控制电路非常庞大，从而促进厂新一代具有高输人阻抗的MOS结构电力半导体器件的一切。它的开关时间很快，安全工作区十分稳定，但是P一MOSFET的通态电压降随着额定电压的增加而成倍增大，这就给制造高压P一MOSFET造成了很大困难。
IGBT是P一MOSFET工艺技术基础上的产物，它兼有MOSFET高输人阻抗、高速特性和GTR大电流密度特性的混合器件。其开关速度比P一MOSFET低，但比GTR快；其通态电压降与GTR相拟约为1.5V一3.5V，比P一MOSFET小得多，其关断存储时间和电流卜降时间为别为0.2μs一0.4μs和0.2μs一1.5μs，因而有较高的工作频率，它具有宽而稳定的安个工作区，较高的效率，驱动电路简单等优点。
MOS控制晶闸管（MCT）是一种在它的单胞内集成了MOSFET的品闸管，利用MOS门来控制品闸管的开通和关断，具有晶闸管的低通态电压降，但其工作电流密度远高IGBT和GTR，在理论上可制成几千伏的阻断电压和几十千赫的开关频率，且其关断增益极高。
IGBT和MGT这一类复合型电力电子器件可以称为第三代器件。在模块化和复合化思路的基础上，其发展便是功率集成电路PIC（Power，lntegrated Circute），在PIC中，不仅主回路的器件，而月驱动电路、过压过流保护、电流检测甚至温度自动控制等作用都集成到一起，形成一个整体，这可以算作第四代电力电子器件。
2 变换器电路从低频向高频方向发展
随着电力电子器件的更新，由它组成的变换器电路也必然要换代。当电力电子器件进人第二代后，更多早采用PWM变换器了、采用PWM方式后，提高了功率因数，减少了高次谐波对电网的影响，解决了电动机在低频区的转矩脉动问题。
但是PWM逆变器中的电压、电流的谐波分量产生的转矩脉动作用在定转子上，使电机绕组产生振动而发出噪声。开关损耗的存在限制了逆变器工作频率的提高。
HOLLAND 1-1/2IN. NPT SANITARY TRANSFER HOSE 32-FGR-1010...
SAFEWAY 125V 11A ELECTRIC CORD REEL 990-83 *NEW*
KENNAMETAL CLAMPING UNIT KM50LCMIVDI5070 / 2927CJ7 *NEW...
PARKER 110-120V, 50/60HZ DIRECTIONAL CONTROL VALVE D1VW...
LUGS 4/0AWG, 1/2", 1-HOLE CRIMP 200N *NEW* LOT OF 21
BROWNING 300ULR30A WORM GEAR REDUCER, RATIO 30:1
ASSEMBLY BOARD 183120
ALLEN BRADLEY OPTICAL INCREMENTAL ENCODER 845H-SJDL24CF..?.
SQUARE D 600VAC, 30A, 3-PHASE, FUSED SAFETY SWITCH W/ R...
KOBERLEIN VIBRATION CONTROL POWER BOX RMA-POWER-BOX 107...
TELEMECANIQUE 230V, 2A POWER SUPPLY ABL-6RE2410M
MILLER MIGHTY LITE 310LB CAPACITY 20FT SELF-RETRACTING ...
ALLEN BRADLEY DL40 DATALINER DISPLAY 2706-E43J32 SER. D
SOLA, Y1500, INDUSTRIAL CONTROL TRANSFORMER, 1.5 KVA, 2...
MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC INDUSTRIAL CO 2P16C126A HERMETIC CO...
SINGAL TRANSFORMER CH-250, CHOKE TRANSFORMER, 250 AMPS,...
STI 44504-0820 GUARDMASTER ATLAS 4 SAFETY INTERLOCK SWI...
ROSS 2771A7928, SOLENOID VALVE, 1/8" NPT, 10 BAR MAX, 2...
BOSCH 19MM SHAFT DIA. 49.23:1 ZAE GEARBOX, 3 842 519 00...
ACME TRANSFORMER FS 2-2000, FINGER GUARD TRANSFORMER, 2...
FLOWSERVE 295324 AP TUNGSTEN CARBRIDE FACE, NEW
LINCOLN ELECTRIC K334 / NA-5 K-344 START OR CRATER MODU...
WESTINGHOUSE BUSWAY M FUSIBLE SWITCH 2528D46G03 60AMP
FESTO 145 PSI 63MM BORE 240MM STROKE PNEUMATIC CYLINDER...
TELEMECANIQUE ALTIVAR VARIABLE FREQUENCY AC DRIVE ATV31...
SUMTAK 5VDC 200mA OPTCODER AE-064-1024
AEG MODICON OUTPUT MODULE DAU 208 / AS-BDAU/208
DETECTOR 3 3LC-BXODH LIGHT CURTAIN
ENERPAC SULDL-121 2600LB UPPER FLANGE SWING CYLINDER, N...
RHP / FAG / NTN 7003CTDUMP4V SUPER PRECISION BEARING, L...
EMHART WARREN, PK7000A, WELDING GUN, 19', 6 PIN CONNECT...
EMHART WARREN PK560U WELDING GUN WITH CABLE
UNITED ELECTRIC 9311 6BS TEMPERATURE SENSOR, NIB
RELIANCE ELECTRIC 1725 RPM 208-230 VOLTS 2.8-3.0 AMPS P...
MYRON ZUCKER CALMOUNT 480 VOLTAGE 60 HZ 3-PHASE CAPACIT...
SNC MACHLINE SUPER PRECISION BEARINGS 7202.C.G1DUJ74 NI...
YUKON KOGYO CO 12-24VDC, 35V 100MA, PRESSURE SWITCH JT-...
ALLEN BRADLEY PRESSURE CONTROL 836T-T253J *NEW NO BOX*
PARKER, L7652441153B, NIB
RECORA SWITCHMAT 2FT X 5" OAL 2 WIRE VEHICLE DETECTION ...
DIAMOND 10' ROLLER CHAIN 60-2 *NEW*
THOMAS & BETTS 143 1" LOCKNUT, LOT OF 49, NIB
WEBSTER HYDRAULIC PUMP 15B1E1A2-R20
STI MINISAFE-B 30FT RANGE .5" BEAM TRANSMITTER, MS4312B...
EATON DURANT 6-Y-1-2-MF-PM-1?20A 110-130 VAC 10-12 WATTS...
MILLER MIGHTY LITE 310LB CAPACITY 6M SELF-RETRACTING LI...
ENERPAC SURDL-121 2600LB UPPER FLANGE SWING CYLINDER, N...
RED LION CONTROLS IMP20162 115/230 VAC APOLLO INTELLIGE...
WILKERSON APPROX 1-1/2" NPT PNEUMATIC FILTER, F42-0A-00...
ALLEN BRADLEY 871A-BXS12 SERIES A SPRING RETURN MOUNTIN...
REXROTH 561-021-981-0 12 BAR 24 VDC PNEUMATIC VALVE, NI...
HERION 250V, 3A, 80oC, 80BAR AIR GAP FUNCTION VALVE 088...
TYCO Pro-Crimper III CRIMP TOOL D-SUB DIE TOOL 58448-...
AUTOMATIC VALVE 48/24VDC, 4.4W, 150PSIG SOLENOID VALVE ...
CONTINENTAL HYDRAULICS VSD03M-1A-GB5H-?60L-A SOLENOID DI...
ENERPAC V-72 5000 PSI 7:1 PILOT RATIO PILOT OPERATED CH...
FANUC A660-4003-T241 SYSTEM RJ3 K102 J56 AXES PULCO CAB...
REXROTH BOSCH GROUP 150PSI, CERAM VALVE GS-020061-03940?...
DAIKIN 24VDC 35 MPA HYDRAULIC SOLENOID CONTROL VALVE, K...
JERVIS B. WEBB C1074575 MOTOR CONTROLLER 200 AMP, NNB
JERVIS B. WEBB C1074575 MOTOR CONTROLLER 200 AMP, NNB
MEDAR 6454-3 FIRING BOARD, REPAIRED
FELLER / KRUPP PC BOARD AF020 / FP16
BUSSMANN, FRN-R-450, TIME DELAY FUSE, 450 A, 250 VAC/VD...
BUSSMANN, FRN-R-450, TIME DELAY FUSE, 450 A, 250 VAC/VD...
LIBERTY 1.6875, REAMER, 1-11/16 SIZE, 12 FLUTE, HS, 13 ...
SARGENT MORTISE LOCK 8200, 8237 *NEW*
PACIFIC SCIENTIFIC E32NLLT-LNN-NS-?01, 1.8° STEP MOTOR, ...
PSC POWERSCAN LPSC-001010 UNDECODED SCANNER W/CABLE NIB
ALLEN BRADLEY ETHERNET TCP/IP COMMUNICATIONS INTERFACE ...
FESTO, DRG-63-180-PPV-?A, SEMI-ROTARY DRIVE, 63 MM PISTO...
NUMATICS 24VDC, 150PSIG, SOLENOID VALVE I34BB615MP00061?...
PARKER 120/110V, 0.40-0.42A, 50/60Hz, HYDRAULIC SOLENOI...
RHP ANGULAR CONTACT BALL BEARING 7910ETDULP4 *NEW,SEALE...
HONEYWELL 100 240 ROLL CHART , LOT OF 12, NIB
YUKON KOGYO CO 35V 100MA DC, 12-24VDC, PRESSURE SWITCH ...
CALMOUNT CALVAULT 480/3/60KVR POWER CORRECTING CAPACITO...
I.S.I. AUTOMATION 10-1/8" OAL 1-1/2" DIA. SUPER SHOK AB...
BOSCH REXROTH SMser MODULE 0 608 830 167 *NEW*
ANSELL SIZE 8.5 NEOPRENE GLOVES 29-865 *NEW BOX OF 48*
SICK OPTIC ELECTRONIC PHOTOELECTRIC SENSOR ISP250-1111 ...
MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC MELSEC-Q ETHERNET I/F UNIT QJ71E71
ALLEN BRADLEY MicroLogix 1200 PROGRAMMABLE CONTROLLER 1...
CONTROL INSTRUMENTS CORPORATION CONTROL UNIT CCS / A1CC...
ALLEN BRADLEY MicroLogix 1200 PROGRAMMABLE CONTROLLER 1...
FANUC SERVO BOARD A20B-1000-0560/?R0019
SIEMENS SIMODRIVE CONTROL BOARD 6SN1118-0AA11-0?AA0
SQUARE D 110/120VAC COIL NEMA SIZE 4 CONTACTOR 8502 SFO...
SICK USU 26 / 2-230 PHOTOELECTRIC SAFETY SWITCH SENDER ...
ABB DISCONNECT SWITCH OETL 200KS IEC 60947-3/th 250A 50...
SIEMENS SIMATIC S7 DP/DP COUPLER MODULE 6ES7 158-0AD01-...
LAMBDA 600W 24V 20A DC POWER SUPPLY DRP600-1
POWER ONE HC POWER 12V 5A POWER SUPPLY HC10-C1470A / 10...
CONTROL TECHNIQUES COMMANDER SE 1HP VARIABLE SPEED AC D...
PARKER 5" BORE 5" STROKE PNEUMATIC CYLINDER, 05.00 BB4M...
MELTRIC, 33-34043, DS, 30A, 3P + E , 480 VAC, 10 HP, TY...
IA IAI INTELLIGENT ACTUATION EACHING PENDANT MODEL IA-T...
BRADY 3460-9 SELF-STICKING LABEL, LOT OF 229, NIB
FANUC A98L-001-0628#F KEY SHEET MEMBRANE, NIB
YASKAWA ELECTRIC SERVOPACK 0.40kW AC SERVO DRIVE SGDM-0...
IFM VIBRATION SENSOR VE1001 NNB
NORGREN FUNCTION VALVE 0881217 NNB
MILLER SERIES HV2 HYDRAULIC CYLINDER HV2-84B2B-01.50?-2....
MILLER FLUID POWER 3610PSI 2" BORE 4" STROKE POWER CYLI...
PARKER PNEUMATIC CYLINDER P1M100VDMA7G160
ALLEN BRADLEY 8-PORT ETHERNET DIAGNOSTIC MODULE 9300-8E...
FUJI ELECTRIC 600VAC 225A 3-POLE AUTO CIRCUIT BREAKER W...
MARATHON MONITORS INC Dualpro CONTROLLER/PROG?RAMMER FDP...
GENERAL ELECTRIC VA-4 POWER CONNECT CARD 531X121PCRAHG1
HONEYWELL 90-250VAC TEMPERATURE CONTROLLER DC330B-EE-00...
BOSCH 24VDC 1.4A 3600 PSI SOLENOID VALVE, 081WV06P1V101..?.
DAYKIN 3000VA 460V 6.52A TRANSFORMER DISCONNECT, LTFS-1...
SIEMENS 440V 1.5/0.87A MOTOR, 1LA9063-4UB22
BOSCH MEASUREMENT CONVERTER UNIT 3 608 870 347
TRW NELSON CONTROL CARD PCB NTR1200W / NTR1800W LP AI-1
AMCI ADVANCED MICRO CONTROLS ENCODER MODULE 1741-05
ATLAS COPCO POWERMACS CONTROL CABLE 4231 5060 10
BALLUFF LIMIT SWITCH, BNS 542-B02-K16-72-?10, NIB
FANUC ROBOTICS OPERATOR INTERFACE CONNECTION BOARD PCB ...
ALKON 2" NPTF 3-WAY BIG BAZOOKA LOC-MASTER VALVE, BB045...
