放电球隙测压器,是一对直径相同的球型电极,当其与高压试验变压器、控制台、调压器、水电阻等组成成套测试设备后,可在工频高压试验时用于高压测量及保护被试物品之用。
一、结构:
Q-50-250型放电球隙测压器(水平式)其结构由活动底座、绝缘支管、铜球、调节轴、坚固罗丝、微调轴(标尺)、微调轮、水电阻等主要部件组成。
二、球隙器的应用:
在作试验时将球隙器和试品并联,球隙器本身串有每伏1欧的保护电阻,先将球隙调整在60%试验电压(球隙的放电距离可以从下面球间隙放电电压表、表1、表2中查得),此时试品应同时接上测定,当球隙放电时,试验变压器的低压侧电压表读数(取3-4次平均值)然后按同样方式测定70%和80%试验电压时电压表读数,以此三点线值作二曲线(大多为一直线),再延长此曲线(大多为按正比例推算)至所需的试验电压值,求得低压测电压表的读数,然后将球隙调整至比试验电压高10-15%位置上。作为耐压试验过程可能发生过电压的放电保护。
使用球隙时,应以试验时的气温和气压下修正系数来修正,可按下列公式计算;
V′2=SV2
| S = | 0.3869 | ——相对空气密度 |
| 273+t |
其中:P——气压、毫米汞柱。t——气温℃
V2——试验状态下的电压。
V′2——标准状态下的电压(P=768毫米汞柱、t=20℃),也即为放是曲线中所示得电压。
三、注意事项:
高电压绝缘试验的安全正确,必须按照1995-10-01实施GB311.6-83《高电压试验技术》第二部分“试验程序”和水电部《电气设备预防性试验程序》为准。
表1—求接地的球隙适用于交流电压、负极性的雷电冲击电压和长波尾冲击及两种极性的直流电压KV(峰值)
| 球隙距离 cm | 球 直 径 cm | |||||
| 5 | 6.25 | 10 | 12.5 | 15 | 25 | |
| 0.20 | 8.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
| 0.25 | 9.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
| 0.30 | 11.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
| 0.40 | 14.3 | 14.2 |
|
|
|
|
| 0.50 | 17.4 | 17.2 | 16.8 | 16.8 | 16.8 |
|
| 0.60 | 20.4 | 20.2 | 19.9 | 19.9 | 19.9 |
|
| 0.70 | 23.4 | 23.2 | 23.0 | 23.0 | 25.0 |
|
| 0.80 | 26.3 | 26.2 | 26.0 | 26.0 | 26.0 |
|
| 0.90 | 29.2 | 29.1 | 28.9 | 28.9 | 28.9 |
|
| 1.0 | 32.0 | 31.9 | 31.7 | 31.7 | 31.7 | 31.7 |
| 1.2 | 37.6 | 37.5 | 37.4 | 37.4 | 37.4 | 37.4 |
| 1.4 | 42.9 | 42.9 | 42.9 | 42.9 | 42.9 | 42.9 |
| 1.5 | 45.5 | 45.5 | 45.5 | 45.5 | 45.5 | 45.5 |
| 1.6 | 48.1 | 48.1 | 48.1 | 48.1 | 48.1 | 48.1 |
| 1.8 | 53.0 | 53.5 | 53.5 | 53.5 | 53.5 | 53.5 |
| 2.0 | 57.5 | 56.5 | 59.0 | 59.0 | 59.0 | 59.0 |
| 2.2 | 61.5 | 63.0 | 64.5 | 64.5 | 64.5 | 64.5 |
| 2.4 | 65.5 | 67.5 | 69.5 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 |
| 2.6 | (69.0) | 72.0 | 74.5 | 75.0 | 75.5 | 75.5 |
| 2.8 | (72.5) | 76.0 | 79.5 | 80.0 | 80.5 | 81.0 |
| 3.0 | (75.5) | 79.5 | 84.0 | 85.0 | 85.5 | 86.0 |
| 3.5 | (82.5) | (87.5) | 95.5 | 97.0 | 98.0 | 99.0 |
| 4.0 | (88.5) | (95.0) | 105 | 108 | 110 | 112 |
| 4.5 |
| (101) | 115 | 119 | 122 | 125 |
| 5.0 |
| (107) | 123 | 129 | 133 | 137 |
| 5.5 |
|
| (131) | 138 | 143 | 149 |
| 6.0 |
|
| (138) | 146 | 152 | 161 |
| 6.5 |
|
| (144) | (154) | 161 | 173 |
| 7.0 |
|
| (150) | (161) | 169 | 184 |
| 7.5 |
|
| (155) | (168) | 177 | 195 |
| 8.0 |
|
|
| (174) | (185) | 206 |
| 9.0 |
|
|
| (185) | (198) | 226 |
| 10 |
|
|
| (195) | (209) | 244 |
| 11 |
|
|
|
| (219) | 261 |
| 12 |
|
|
|
| (229) | 275 |
表2—求接地的球隙适用于正极性的雷电冲击电压和长波尾冲击电压KV
(峰值)
| 球隙距离 cm | 球 直 径 cm | |||||
| 5 | 6.25 | 10 | 12.5 | 15 | 25 | |
| 0.30 | 11.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
| 0.40 | 14.3 | 14.2 |
|
|
|
|
| 0.50 | 17.4 | 17.2 | 16.8 | 16.8 | 16.8 |
|
| 0.60 | 20.4 | 20.2 | 19.9 | 19.9 | 19.9 |
|
| 0.70 | 23.4 | 23.2 | 23.0 | 23.0 | 23.0 |
|
| 0.80 | 26.3 | 26.2 | 26.0 | 26.0 | 26.0 |
|
| 0.90 | 29.2 | 29.1 | 28.9 | 28.9 | 28.9 |
|
| 1.0 | 32.0 | 31.9 | 31.7 | 31.7 | 31.7 | 31.7 |
| 1.2 | 37.3 | 37.6 | 37.4 | 37.4 | 37.4 | 37.4 |
| 1.4 | 43.3 | 43.2 | 42.9 | 42.9 | 42.9 | 42.9 |
| 1.5 | 46.2 | 45.9 | 45.5 | 45.5 | 45.5 | 45.5 |
| 1.6 | 49.0 | 48.6 | 48.1 | 48.1 | 48.1 | 48.1 |
| 1.8 | 54.4 | 54.0 | 53.5 | 53.5 | 53.5 | 53.5 |
| 2.0 | 59.5 | 59.0 | 59.0 | 59.0 | 59.0 | 59.0 |
| 2.2 | 64.5 | 64.0 | 64.5 | 64.5 | 64.5 | 64.5 |
| 2.4 | 69.0 | 69.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 | 70.0 |
| 2.6 | (73.0) | 73.5 | 75.5 | 75.5 | 75.5 | 75.5 |
| 2.8 | (77.0) | 78.0 | 80.5 | 80.5 | 80.5 | 80.5 |
| 3.0 | (81.0) | 82.0 | 85.5 | 85.5 | 85.5 | 86.0 |
| 3.5 | (90.0) | (91.5) | 97.5 | 98.0 | 98.5 | 99.0 |
| 4.0 | (97.5) | (101) | 109 | 110 | 111 | 112 |
| 4.5 |
| (103) | 120 | 122 | 124 | 125 |
| 5.0 |
| (115) | 130 | 134 | 136 | 138 |
| 5.5 |
|
| (139) | 145 | 147 | 151 |
| 6.0 |
|
| (148) | 155 | 158 | 163 |
| 6.5 |
|
| (156) | (164) | 168 | 175 |
| 7.0 |
|
| (163) | (173) | 178 | 187 |
| 7.5 |
|
| (170) | (181) | 187 | 199 |
| 8.0 |
|
|
| (189) | (196) | 211 |
| 9.0 |
|
|
| (203) | (212) | 233 |
| 10 |
|
|
| (215) | (226) | 254 |
| 11 |
|
|
|
| (238) | 273 |
| 12 |
|
|
|
| (219) | 291 |